LEGAL TRUTH VS. MATERIAL TRUTH: THE FORCE OF REALITY IN LABOR LAW

Abstract

This article examines the principle of primacy of reality in Mexican labor law, with particular emphasis on its significance for ensuring effective judicial protection. Through a doctrinal and normative approach, employing hermeneutic, comparative, phenomenological, and casuistic methods, it analyzes how the pursuit of material truth overcomes formalities and simulations that can distort the authentic nature of labor relationships. The study presents the constitutional and legal foundations of this principle, highlighting its impact on jurisprudential criteria that require judges to consider factual reality beyond mere formal appearances, thereby ensuring the fundamental rights of workers. Additionally, practical guidelines are provided to encourage proactive and balanced judicial action compatible with due process. Finally, the article reflects on the importance of interpreting and applying labor regulations with sensitivity towards social realities, emphasizing the necessity of achieving a balance between substantive justice and procedural guarantees, thus reinforcing a more equitable and effective administration of justice in Mexico.